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Winner of Physiology or Medical Science
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2007-9-20
As the diphtheria antitoxin and sero-therapy initiator, Emil von Behring was a German surgeon. He was born on Mar. 15, 1854 in Prussia Germany, and his father was a rural teacher affording 13 kids. As his family couldn't afford his college education, in 1874 he entered Berlin Army College of Medicine and obtained the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1878. Passing the state exam in 1880, he became a lecturer in the army college in 1889. He was very diligent and efficient in completing his assignments in the lab which had laid foundation for his success. In 1889 he became the assistant of Dr. Robert Koch and was appointed Professor of the Institute for Infectious Diseases in 1894.
During 1889-1894, Behring's primary job was diphtheria studies, of which over 50,000 children annually died in Europe. From the very beginning, he tried to prevent human infection by applying disinfection like argon and hydrargyrum disinfection, but failed at last. In the experiment, he found the mouse never had suffered bacillus infection, as the mouse serum could kill bacillus anthracic. He inject bacilius diphtheria into the guinea pig (certain mouse), and found some survivors re-injected bacilius diphtheria were immune from diphtheria any more. He named the serum substance "antitoxin", and applied it to cure other animals, which was called Serum Therapy. On the Christmas Day 1891, he first successfully used the sheep serum to cure a child suffered from diphtheria who was hospitalized in Berlin Hospital, a big step towards conquering diphtheria. In 1892 he cooperated with Frankfurt Chemical Pharmacy Company, and began to produce and sell diphtheria vaccine in 1894ĄŁ
In 1901 he won the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Since 1907 his studies shifted to pulmonary tuberculosis, but unfortunately he also suffered pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of 50. In order to facilitate experiment, in 1914 he set up a well-furnished lab in Marburg and worked till death.
In his whole life, Behring had won a number of honors. He was appointed Professor in 1893, and granted Detain French Officer Medal in 1895. In the subsequent years, he became the honorable member of Italian Association, Turkish Association, Hungarian Association, Russian Association and French Association; in 1903 he entered the parliament. Behring got married in 1896 and brought up seven children. He retired in May 1916 and died in Marburg on March 31, 1917.
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Organizer:
Beijing Municipal Association for Science & Technology
Undertaker: Beijing Science & Technology
Consulting Center,
Information Center of Beijing Municipal Association for
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