2008-11-13

XinHua Stockholm on October 7 (Reporter HeMiao and Wu Ping) on the 7th Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that a U.S. citizen scientists Yoichiro Nambu and Japanese scientists Makoto kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa received the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Permanent Secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said in Melbourne   Ekuisite told reporters found that the sub-atomic physics in spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism Yoichiro Nambu will receive the Nobel Prize in Physics half of the prize money; Makoto kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa and the United Kingdom will be found as a result of symmetry breaking the origin of the money to share the other half.

Subsequently, the Nobel jury   Lars Brink with a common orange explain the important achievements of the three scientists: all things in the world there is no perfect symmetry, symmetrical look like orange under the microscope Will be shown a departure from the symmetry.

He said that as early as the 1960s, Yoichiro Nambu given to spontaneous symmetry breaking mechanism of the mathematical description. According to his theory, nature is clearly a lot of confusion hidden under the surface of the order. At present, the standard model of elementary particle physics theory of all, almost all in the south have been infiltrated by Yoichiro Nambu. The standard model will be 4 fundamental forces of nature in the 3, as well as all the material composition of all elementary particles into a set of theories.

Makoto kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa in the United Kingdom in 1972 in the framework of the standard model, symmetry breaking on the specific origin of the explanation is given. However, according to their predicted that the standard model must be found that did not include some of the quark. Quark than protons and neutrons, and other sub-atomic particles more fundamental material composition of the unit. After more than 20 years in the period of time, they predicted that the quark was found in one by one. In recent years, two theories have been further confirmed by experiments.

Reporters at the conference, Ekuisite made phone to Makoto kobayashi and congratulate him. Makoto kobayashi said that he was glad to be this year's winners, as well as the news of the sudden surprise.

Yoichiro Nambu was born in Japan, after the United States who are currently in the United States at the University of Chicago Professor Makoto kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa are in the United Kingdom were present as the Japanese High Energy Accelerator Research and honorary professor of Kyoto University.

Nobel Prize in Physics this year published a list of winners of the Nobel Prize of the second. This year's Nobel Prize awards will be exclusive or to share amounted to SEK 10,000,000 (about 1,400,000 U.S. dollars) in prize money.

Source: XinHua network (October 7, 2008)