2008-11-13

1966 A. J. Perlis
Award-winning reasons: because of its advanced compiler technology and programming structure.

1966 AJ Perlis ALGOL language and computer science "to the birth of (ZT)
Allen. Paley (Alan J. Perlis) because of the language ALGOL on the expansion of the definition and made a substantial contribution, as well as the founders of computer science education, computer science became a separate subject on the role played by the great become The first well-deserved winners of the Turing Award.

As we all know, the world¡¯s first computer called "ENIAC" (This is the Electronic Numerical Integratorand Computer prefix stands for "Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer," is the University of Pennsylvania School of Moore (Moore School) in accordance with the above-mentioned Aberdeen Ballistic Research Laboratory for a variety of artillery ballistic calculation, the preparation of the needs of the shooting table in June 1943 with the signing of the federal government 100,000 U.S. dollars of contract and developed.
ENIAC is the world¡¯s first computer was down in history, but it does not have the storage capacity of procedures, procedures to enter through the external circuit. To change procedures need to take to the circuit board, for each type of subject, we should design the external board. This is not the ideal structure is inconsistent with Mr. Neumann has long raised the idea of storage procedures. Then the world¡¯s first stored-program computer Na Yitai is it?

ENIAC is the world¡¯s first computer was down in history, but it does not have the storage capacity of procedures, procedures to enter through the external circuit. Procedures must be changed to take the appropriate circuit boards for each type of subject, we should design the external board. This is not the ideal structure is inconsistent with Mr. Neumann has long raised the idea of storage procedures. Then the world¡¯s first stored-program computer Na Yitai is it?
In fact, as early as the beginning of the design and implementation of the stored-program computer, or the Moore School of the EDVAC (Electonic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer prefix the acronym for "separation of variable automatic electronic computer."

But no matter EDSAC or, EDVAC are all computer serial (serial computer), that is, data transmission and digital computing is based on one by one, so that the computing components smaller operations are simple, but slow, can not meet the Some applications. Then the world¡¯s first stored-program computer is a parallel Na Yitai it? This is the aforementioned "Tornado" computer.

Perry in the "whirlwind" to work in September 1952. After he came to Purdue University, where he founded the university in the nation¡¯s first center, created in the University Center to create a precedent. Purdue University, he was appointed the first director of the Center. Thanks to his efforts, the Center installed a first IBM computer CPC¡¯s (Card Programmed Calculator), after the update Datatron 205. Perry was designed as the IT (Internal Translator) language and the development of the IT compiler. Perry in 1956 to the Carnegie Institute of Technology, the "old tricks" and promote the establishment of the school and as director of the Center, equipped with IBM 650 computer. Perry in his Purdue University¡¯s IT development and its transfer to the compiler on the IBM 650, has many universities in the United States on the IBM 650 that are widely used. On the basis of the IT, and Perry Smith (J. Smith), round of the Junior (H. Zoren), Evans (A. Evans) and others together for the IBM 650 design and development of a new algebraic language and assembly language. These efforts have laid a Perry as a computer programming language pioneer. As a result, when in 1957 the establishment of the ACM programming language with the European Commission in order to colleagues to design a universal language of algebra, Perry was a matter of course as the best candidate and was appointed as the chairman of the committee. In 1958, in Zurich at the ACM group and the Federal Republic of Germany at the time of the Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics GAMM Europe-based joint group meeting, the two groups on their representation of the algorithm is a comprehensive proposal to form the Algol 58 (At the beginning of the name called "national defense algebraic language", that is, International Algebraic Language, referred to as IAL. Afterwards called Algol 58). In Algol 58, based on January 1960 in Paris has the world¡¯s leading software experts to participate in the discussion at the meeting to determine the programming language Algol 60, issued a "ALGOL Algol 60 report." Also in 1962 published "ALGOL Algol60 revision of the report." Algol 60 programming language is a milestone in the history of the development, it marks the programming language from a kind of "art" turn into a "science" and to open up the programming language research in the field, and then to work as well as automation software Software reliability issues laid the foundation for the development. Then in 1967 appeared as the first introduction of the "type", the data and be allowed to apply to the data on the operations as a combined entity and thus become a modern abstract data types, as well as the beginning of the first object-oriented SIMULA 67,1971 language in the emergence of well-known PASCAL language and so on, are also in Algol 60 on the basis of expansion to be formed. The main features of Algol 60:

1. For the first time to introduce the concept of partial local, not only to expand the language skills, but also to save memory space, <rolia.net> improve the procedures of the compact.

2. Dynamics language with dynamic components, which significantly increased the expression of the language (of course, to achieve a corresponding increase in the cost).

3. Recursive recursive nature of the introduction of the software to open up areas of research, and promote the development of the software.

4. Rigor of its syntax and semantics are described in a strict, in particular, syntax, using a well-known Bakesifan-BNF, the structure of a clear, rigorous theory.

Algol 58 in the Algol 60 and the formation and revision process, Perry has played a key role and the core. Perry was the first Turing Award winner, mainly because he¡¯s a major contribution.

At the same time, organizations active in Perry, the Carnegie Institute of Technology took the lead in the creation of college students in programming courses. Prior to this, the programming knowledge as a "numerical analysis" part of the curriculum be introduced. Programming course is set up computer science education in the beginning. This has led to the biggest computer users - The U.S. Department of Defense¡¯s attention from its Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPA came on the financing of investment in computer science education and research projects, resulting in the mid-1960s at the Carnegie Institute of Technology College, Stanford University, MIT and so on a few university has established a Department of Computer Science and Computer Science Graduate School, so that the electrical engineering from computer science, mathematics, and other disciplines to become an independent discipline. In view of Perry¡¯s plays a tremendous role, Perry was said? Quot; so that the computer science disciplines to become independent of the founders "- A founding father of Computer Science as a separate discipline. In the Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie - Mellon University), and Simon Perry (HA Simon), Newell (A. Newell), is a two-person post-1975 Turing Award winner and three were referred to as "the computer systems of the Troika."

In 1971, Perry left the Carnegie - Mellon University, joined the newly formed Department of Computer Science at Yale University, has on several occasions as Head of Department, Department of Computer Science at Yale University for the construction and development made a significant contribution. During this period, 1977-1978, he taught at the California Institute of Technology. As a result, Perry described as , especially the United States, the first group of doctoral computer science is almost entirely made up of students pelly.

Perry is also a computer academic organizations and academic exchanges of organizer and active advocate. In 1962-1964, he was appointed by the ACM, he founded the initiative in 1958-1962 as the first editor-in-chief. Kam Lo as a scholar, he frequently lectures around the world or make a report, the footprints were left throughout the former Soviet Union, Denmark, Italy, Israel, Mexico, Peru, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Venezuela, which has two ... ... to China to give lectures. He is also a "ping pong diplomacy" after the first (July 1972) to visit China U.S. computer scientists as a member of the delegation.

Perry said that: "Any term can be turned into a verb" (any noun can be verbed). What he means is that any lofty ideals, aspirations, ambitions and the pursuit of new things, through the unremitting efforts and practice, are achievable. This is Perry summed up his life by the formation of wisdom.