2008-11-13

Alan Mathison Turing  (Alan Mathison Turing ,1912.6.23-1954 .6.7), the British mathematician, S., known as the father of artificial intelligence. Turing in 1931 to enter King's College, Cambridge University, after graduating from Princeton University to pursue a doctorate, returned to Cambridge after the outbreak of World War II, after the military to help solve Germany's famous cryptosystem Enigma, to help the Allies in World War II has made the Victory.

Alan Mathison Turing , was born in 1912 in London, died in 1954, Manchester, England, he is the founder of computer logic, artificial intelligence in many important ways from in this great scientist. He is an important contribution to the computer his auto finite-state machine that is the concept of the Turing machine, for artificial intelligence, made it an important measure of "Turing test" if the machine through the Turing test, he is A full sense of intelligent, and not the difference. His outstanding contribution to make him the first person to the computer industry, is now in memory of the great scientists of the computer industry's highest award to be known as the "Turing Award." High school, his science has been able to show that this can only be limited to non-liberal arts subjects, his mentor would like the smart kids in literary history and achievements have, but do not be too The major achievements. Turing juvenile interested in subjects such as mathematics. In Canada, he began his professional career in mathematics, students at the university during the past seems to be on the ready-made theory is not interested in what should be the first to own. After graduating from college, he went to the United States is also at Princeton University, where he created the Turing machine called after. Turing machine is recognized as the prototype of the modern computer, the machine can read a series of zero-sum, these figures represent a solution to the problem needed to step down by this step, we can solve a particular problem . This concept was revolutionary, because even in the 50s, most of the computer can also solve a specific problem, rather than general, and the Turing machine theory is universal machine. In the Turing, this machine only to retain some of the most simple instructions, a complex work only to break it to the simplest of these operations can be achieved in that time he was able to have this kind of thinking is really Very great. He believes that there is an algorithm can solve most of the issues, and difficult part is how to determine the most simple instruction set, how kind of instruction set is minimal, and can serve the purpose, there is another difficulty is how to complex problems To break down these instructions.

In 1936, Turing to the authority of the London Mathematical Journal of the vote in a paper entitled "On the decision problem in terms of application." In this ground-breaking paper, Turing to the "computability" under a strict definition of mathematics, and the famous "Turing machine" (Turing Machine) idea. "Turing machine" is not a specific machine, but a model of thinking, can create a very simple but very strong computing power of computing devices, used to calculate the time could imagine that all of computable function. "Turing machine" and "? von Neumann machine," a par, was never included in the development history of the computer. In October 1950, Turing also published another article entitled "Reflections on the machine can do," the paper has become a landmark for them. It is also this article for the Turing won the "father of artificial intelligence," the crown.

Source: Encyclopedia Baidu