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  A Glance Over the Past 100 Years  
Nobel Prize Winners' List 1970¡«1979

2007-9-25

The70th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1970
Swedish scientist G?sta Alfv¨¦n for his discoveries in magnetohydro-dynamics and French scientist F¨¦lix N¨¦el for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Argentina scientist Luis F. Leloir won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates.
American scientist Julius Axelrod, British scientist Bernard Katz and Swedish scientist Ulf von Euler shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation.
American Norman E. Borlaug won the Nobel Peace Prize for his contributions to the maize and wheat improvement in the Third World.
American economist Paul A. Samuelson won the Nobel Prize in Economics for the scientific work on economic theories.
The71rd Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1971
British scientist Dennis Gabor won the Nobel Prize for his invention and development of the holographic method.
Canadian scientist Gerhard Herzberg shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals.
British scientist Earl W. Sutherland won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of hormones.
Chile writer Pablo Neruda won the Nobel Prize in Literature poem collections "ecovering the Fate and Dream of the Land"
The President of former Federal Republic of Germany won the Nobel Peace Prize for his contributions to the Europe after World War II.
American economist Simon Kuznets won the Nobel Prize in Economics for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development.
The 72th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1972
American scientists John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory.
American scientists Stanford Moore, Christian B. Anfinsen and William H. Stein shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their contribution to the understanding of the ribonuclease molecule structure.
American scientist Gerald M. Edelman and British scientist Rodney R. Porter won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies.
Germany writer Heinrich B?ll won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his contributions to the renewal of German literature.
British economist John R. Hicks and American economist Kenneth J. Arrow shared the Nobel Prize in Economics for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory.
The 73th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1973
Japanese scientist Leo Esaki and American scientist Ivar Giaever respectively for for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors and British scientist Brian David Josephson for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects shared the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Germany scientist Ernst Otto Fischer and British scientist Geoffrey Wilkinson shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds.
Austrian scientist Konrad Lorenz, Germany scientist Karl von Frisch and British scientist Nikolaas Tinbergen won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns.
Australian writer Patrick White won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his novel "he Eye of the Storm"
US Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger and Vietnam leader Le Duc Tho shared the Nobel Peace Prize for the successful ceasefire negotiation between US and Vietnam, but Le Duc Tho rejected this prize.
American economist Wassily Leontief won the Nobel Prize in Economics for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems.
The 74th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1974
British scientists Martin Ryle and Antony Hewish shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars.
American scientist Paul J. Flory won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules.
Belgian scientists Albert Claude and Christian de Duve and American scientist George E. Palade shared the Nobel Prize for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell.
Swedish writer Eyvind Johnson for his three Krilon series novels and Swedish writer Harry Martinson for "is writings that catch the dewdrop and reflect the cosmos"shared the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Prime Minister of Japan Eisaku Sato for his implementation of policies for the stability of the Pacific region and Irishman Se¨¢n MacBride for the settlement of international tough issues shared the Nobel Peace Prize.
Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal and British economist Friedrich August von Hayek shared the Nobel Prize in Economics for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena.
The 76th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1975
Denmark scientists Aage Niels Bohr and Ben Roy Mottelson and American scientist Leo James Rainwater shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for their fundamental contributions to the new theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus.
British scientist John Warcup Cornforth and Switzerland scientist Vladimir Prelog shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry respectively for the work on the stereochemistry of eneyme-catalyzed reactions and for the research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions.
American scientists Renato Dulbecco, Howard Martin Temin and David Baltimore shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell.
Italian writer Eugenio Montale won the Nobel Prize in Literature "for his distinctive poetry which, with great artistic sensitivity, has interpreted human values under the sign of an outlook on life with no illusions".
USSR Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov won the Nobel Peace Prize for his individual efforts and contributions to the maintenance of world peace.
USSR economist Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich and American economist Tjalling C. Koopmans shared the Nobel Prize in Economis for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources.
The 76th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1976
American scientist Burton Richter and American Chinese scientist Samuel Chao Chung Ting shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind.
American scientist William N. Lipscomb won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding.
American scientists Baruch S. Blumberg and D. Carleton Gajdusek shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases.
American writer Saul Bellow won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his novel "umboldt' Gift"
British Mairead Corrigan and Betty Williams shared the Nobel Prize for their struggle against terrorism in the Northern Ireland.
American economist Milton Friedman won the Nobel Prize in Economics for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy.
The77th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1977
British scientist Nevill Francis Mott and American scientists John Hasbrouck van Vleck and Philip Warren Anderson shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems.
Belgian scientist Ilya Prigogine won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures.
American scientist Rosalyn Yalow for his development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones and American scientists Roger Guillemin and Andrew V. Schally for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Spanish writer Vicente Aleixandre won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his collective poems entitled "estruction or Love"
Amnesty International won the Nobel Peace Prize for its humanism supports to prisoners due to religious and political reasons.
Swedish economist Bertil Ohlin and British economist James E. Meade shared the Nobel Prize in Economics for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements.
The 78th Nobel Laureates on December 10, 1978
USSR scientist Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics and American scientists Arno Allan Penzias and Robert Woodrow Wilson for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation shared the Nobel Prize in Physics.
British scientist Peter D. Mitchell won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory.
Switzerland scientist Werner Arber and American scientists Hamilton O. Smith and Daniel Nathans shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics.
American writer Isaac Bashevis Singer won the Nobel Prize in Literature "for his impassioned narrative art which, with roots in a Polish-Jewish cultural tradition, brings universal human conditions to life".
Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin and President of the Arab Republic of Egypt Mohamed Anwar al-Sadat shared the Nobel Peace Prize for their contributions to the establishment of the Camp David Agreement.
American economist Herbert A. Simon won the Nobel Prize in Economics for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations.
The 79th Nobel Laureates on December 10,1979
American scientists Sheldon Lee Glashow, Steven Weinberg and Pakistan scientist Abdus Salam won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current.
American scientist Herbert C. Brown and Germany scientist Georg Wittig shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis.
American scientist Allan M. Cormack and British scientist Godfrey N. Hounsfield won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of computer assisted tomography.
Greek writer Odysseus Elytis won the Nobel Prize in Literature for his epic "he Hero"
Indian Mother Teresa won the Nobel Peace Prize for her contributions to charity in many countries.
American economist Arthur Lewis and Theodore W. Schultz shared the Nobel Prize in Economics for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries.
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